The Evaluation of the Beauty in Hotel Interiors: A Framework Using an Objective Method for Aesthetic Measurement

Authors

  • Hadar Ihsan Ali Department of Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, Catholic University in Erbil, Erbil, Iraq Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38027/jsalutogenic_vol5no1_2

Keywords:

Aesthetics, Interior Design, Birkhoff’s Aesthetic Measure, Hotel Buildings

Abstract

This study aims to provide interior designers with a framework for understanding the qualities of attractive interior surfaces as a hotel interior design strategy. Additionally, to establish a common foundation and a reliable reference point for evaluators in evaluating the aesthetic aspects of inner space. Hotel buildings are establishments designed to captivate public interest. Moreover, the interior design of these spaces is a significant factor that entices individuals to attend. Consequently, the interior design of a hotel may be as significant as the quality of the structure and the services it provides. Examining the aesthetic evaluation of interior surfaces is crucial for achieving a thorough comprehension of texture as a strategy in interior design. Furthermore, using Birkhoff's aesthetic measure, the study assesses the aesthetic evaluation of interior surfaces in hotels' interior areas. For this reason, three opulent hotels have been chosen to serve as case studies. The study also found that increasing order and reducing complexity are the driving forces behind the aesthetic value of texture in interior surfaces. The outcomes demonstrate the benefit of Birkhoff’s measurement tools for evaluating beauty in modern and contemporary styles more than traditional styles with plenty of types of ornaments.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aquinas, T. (2006). Summa Theologica. Part I (Prima pars). [Retrieved] from Documenta Catholica Omnia, http://www.documentacatholicaomnia.eu/03d/1225-1274,_Thomas_Aquinas,_Summa_Theologiae-Prima_Pars_Edente,_EN.pdf

Archie, L., and Archie, J. G. (2006). Readings in the History of Æsthetics: An Open-Source Reader. Retrieved from, http://philosophy.lander.edu/intro/artbook.pdf

Arend, L. E., & Spehar, B. (1993). Lightness, brightness, and brightness contrast: 1. Illuminance variation. Perception & Psychophysics, 54(4), 446–456. https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03211767

Azemati, H.; Jam, F.; Ghorbani, M.; Dehmer, M.; Ebrahimpour, R.; Ghanbaran, A.; Emmert-Streib, F. The Role of Symmetry in the Aesthetics of Residential Building Façades Using Cognitive Science Methods. Symmetry 2020, 12, 1438. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12091438

Baek, J. (2017). Church of The Light: Tadao Ando. Companion to the History of Architecture, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118887226.wbcha161

Baxant, P., Sumec, S., Skoda, J. (2016). Contrast analysis in lighting technology, Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries, Lumen V4 2016. https://doi.org/10.1109/LUMENV.2016.7745507

Caivano J. L. (2006), The research on environmental color design: Brief history, current developments, and possible future, Color Research & Application 31(4):350-363. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.20224

Chen, Z., & Wang, X. (2020). Application of AI technology in interior design. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 179, p. 02105). E3S Web of Conferences. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017902105

Grieze, E., & Miķelsone, E. (2021). Biomimicry element application in the interior design product development. Economics. Ecology. Socium, 5(2), 59–70. https://doi.org/10.31520/2616-7107/2021.5.2-7

Hasti, N., & Kusnia, G. (2019, November). Role of Technology for Interior Design Sectors in Creative Economic Development. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 662, No. 4). IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/662/4/042027

Kanuri, V. K., Hughes, C., & Hodges, B. T. (2024). Standing out from the crowd: When and why color complexity in social media images increases user engagement. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 41(2), 174–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2023.08.007

Katsenelinboigen A. (1997). The Concept of Indeterminism and Its Applications. Westport,

Connecticut, Brno, London: Praeger Publishers

Krishnamoorthy, R., & Ganesh, M. (2016). A simple computational framework for defect detection system with orthogonal polynomials transcoded coefficients, J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 41 (2016) 31–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvcir.2016.09.003

Kumar, M., Garg, N. (2010). Aesthetic principles and cognitive emotion appraisals: How much of the beauty lies in the eye of the beholder? Journal of Consumer Psychology, 20, 485–494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2010.06.015

Lozanovska, M. (2010). Hagia Sofia (532–537AD): a study of centrality, interiority and transcendence in architecture. The Journal of Architecture, 15(4), 425–448. https://doi.org/10.1080/13602365.2010.507521

Llorens-Gámez, M., Higuera-Trujillo, J.L., Omarrementeria, C.S., Llinares, C. (2022). The impact of the design of learning spaces on attention and memory from a neuroarchitectural approach: A systematic review, Frontiers of Architectural Research, 11(3), 542-560, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2021.12.002

Lewis, Miles, ed. 2008. Architectura: Elements of Architectural Style. Australia: Global Book Publishing Pty Ltd., pp. 320–35.

Leick, G. (2002). Mesopotamia: The Invention of the City. United Kingdom: Penguin Books Limited.

Mahdavinejada, M., Bahtooeia, R. Hosseinikiab, S. M., Bagheric, M., Motlaghd A. A. and Farhatb, F. (2013). Aesthetics and Architectural Education and Learning Process. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, (116), 4443 – 4448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.963

Mahnke, F.H. (1996). Color, Environment, and Human Response: An Interdisciplinary Understanding of Color and Its Use as A Beneficial Element in The Design and The Architectural Environment. New York, USA: John Wiley & Sons.

Megahed, Y., Gabr, H. (2010). Quantitative architectural aesthetic assessment, in: Aesthetics + Design: Dresden International Symposium; 21st Biennial Congress of International Association of Empirical Aesthetics, IAEAAt: Dresden, Germany, Retrieved from, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260710349

Muhy Al-Din, S. S., & Pakravan, S. (2022). The Nexus of the Objective Assessment of Beauty and the Subjective Aesthetic Cognition. Journal of Salutogenic Architecture, 1(1), 19-31. https://doi.org/10.38027/jsalutogenic_vol1no1_2

Pallasmaa, J. (2010). The eyes of the skin: Architecture and the senses. (2nd Ed.). Chichester, UK: Wiley.

Pascal, J. F. (2017). IPSAC's 8th body lift course: Hotel President Wilson, Geneva - Switzerland. International Plastic Surgery Advanced Course (IPSAC). Retrieved from https://baaps.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/body_lift_pascal.pdf

Pereira, M. (2009). The Role of Color in Architecture: Visual Effects and Psychological Stimuli. Urban Next Lexicon. Retrieved from, https://urbannext.net/the-role-of-color-in-architecture/

Rey, D. (2007). Town House Galleria. Milano seven stars. Ediz. italiana e inglese. Italy: Alessandro Rosso Editore.

Roberts, M. N. (2007). Complexity and Aesthetic Preference for Diverse Visual Stimuli. Ph.D. Thesis, Departament de Psicologia, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.

Rossi, M. (2012). Color and Colorimetry. Multidisciplinary Contributions. Italy: Maggioli Editore. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1318.2012.03086.x

Salingaros, N. (2007). A Theory of Architecture. Solingen, Germany: Umbau-Verlag Publications.

Soegaard, M. (2025, February 28). Repetition, Pattern, and Rhythm. Interaction Design Foundation - IxDF. https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/repetition-pattern-and-rhythm

Tkalec, M., Glogar, M., Penava, Z., Tavˇcer, P., Kušˇcer, D. and Stojanoska, I. (2024). The Complexity of Colour/Textile Interaction in Digital Printing as an Integral Part of Environmental Design. Arts 13, 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/arts13010029

Thadani, Dhiru A. 2010. Color. In The Language of Towns & Cities. A Visual Dictionary. New York: Rizzoli International Publications Inc., pp. 184–85.

Turner, J. R., & Baker, R. M. (2019). Complexity Theory: An Overview with Potential Applications for the Social Sciences. Systems, 7(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/systems7010004

Vosbeck R. R. (2009), Color in architecture, Color Research & Application 9(2):103-105. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.5080090209

Ward, E. R. (2023). Hubbing for Tourists: Airports, Hotels and Tourism Development in the Indo-Pacific, 1934–2019. Austria: De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783111326641

Weingarden, L. S. (1985). Aesthetics Politicized: William Morris to the Bauhaus. Journal of Architectural Education (1984-), 38(3), 8-13. https://doi.org/10.2307/1424877

Westland, S., Laycock, K., Cheung, V., Henry, P., and Mahyar, F. (2007). ColourHarmony. Design & Creativity, 1 (1), 1–15.

Wiebel, C. B., Singh, M., & Maertens, M. (2016). Testing the role of Michelson contrast for the perception of surface lightness. Journal of Vision, 16(11):17, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1167/16.11.17

Zimnicka, A., Balanicka, E., and Kroll, A. (2022). Evolution in Approach to Colour in Tall Buildings’ Architecture on the Isle of Dogs, London, UK. Arts 11: 9. https://doi.org/10.3390/ arts11010009

Zybaczynski, V.M. (2013). The Colour of Architecture: Past and Present. Urbanism. Arhitectură. Construcţii, 4(4), 93-96.

Downloads

Published

2026-09-03

How to Cite

Ali, H. I. (2026). The Evaluation of the Beauty in Hotel Interiors: A Framework Using an Objective Method for Aesthetic Measurement. Journal of Salutogenic Architecture, 5(1), 22-37. https://doi.org/10.38027/jsalutogenic_vol5no1_2

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Similar Articles

31-40 of 44

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.